Mavharuvhu Ebhora: Gwaro Rakazara reZvikamu, Mhando, uye Mashandisirwo

Mavharuvhu ebhora ari pakati pemavharuvhu anonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri nedzimba nekuda kwekuvimbika kwawo, kugara kwenguva refu, uye nyore kushanda. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora kuti vharuvhu yebhora chii, zvikamu zvayo zvakakosha (muviri, bhora, chigaro), kupatsanurwa, mwero wekumanikidzwa nehukuru, uye nzira dzekushandisa. Ungave uri mainjiniya, nyanzvi yekutenga, kana munhu anofarira DIY, gwara iri richakubatsira kunzwisisa kuti ungasarudza sei vharuvhu yebhora yakakodzera zvaunoda.

Chii chinonzi Ball Valve

A vharuvhu yebhoraivharuvhu inotenderera kwekota inoshandisa bhora rakavhurika, rakaboorwa, uye rinotenderera kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Kana bhora rebhora rakabatana nepaipi, mvura inoyerera zvakasununguka; kutenderera bhora nemadhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe kunovhara kuyerera kwemvura zvachose. Dhizaini yaro iri nyore inoita kuti rishande nekukurumidza, kudonha kwemvura kushoma, uye kuenderana nemvura, mafuta, gasi, uye zvinhu zvinoparadza.

Zvikamu Zvikuru zveVharuvhu Yebhora

1. Muviri weVharuvhu yeBhora

Iyomuviri wevharuvhu yebhoraigoko rekunze rinochengeta zvinhu zvemukati. Rinowanzo gadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasimba zvakaita sesimbi isingatsvi, brass, kana PVC, zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwaro. Magadzirirwo emuviri ndiwo anosarudza chiyero chekumanikidzwa kwevharuvhu uye rudzi rwekubatanidza (yakarukwa, yakaputirwa, kana wafer).

2. Vharuvhu yeBhora Bhora

Iyobhora revharuvhu rebhorandiyo bhora rinotenderera rine gomba (buri) nepakati paro. Rinowanzo putirwa nechrome kana kuti rakaputirwa nezvinhu zvakaita sePTFE kuderedza kukweshana uye kudzivirira ngura. Kugadzira bhora nemazvo kunoita kuti rivharwe zvakasimba uye rishande zvakanaka.

3. Chigaro cheVharuvhu yeBhora

Iyochigaro chevharuvhu yebhorachinhu chakaita sedenderedzwa chinoita chisimbiso pakati pebhora nemuviri. Zvigaro zvinowanzogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakapfava zvakaita sePTFE kana thermoplastics dzakasimbiswa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti mvura haidonhe, kunyangwe kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.

Mhando dzeMavharuvhu Ebhora Zvichibva paKubatanidza Maitiro

1. Vharuvhu yeBhora Yakarukwa

A vharuvhu yebhora yakarukwaine shinda dzechirume kana dzechikadzi kumagumo ayo, zvichibvumira kuiswa zvakananga mumapaipi. Yakanakira masisitimu ekugara ane simba shoma (semuenzaniso, pombi dzemvura, HVAC), mavharuvhu aya anodhura zvishoma uye ari nyore kuisa pasina kusundira.

Mashandisirwo:

- Mvura inowanikwa mudzimba

- Mitsetse yegesi

- Masisitimu madiki emaindasitiri

2. Vharuvhu yeBhora Yakaputirwa

A vharuvhu yebhora yakaputirwaine magumo akasungirirwa akasungirirwa kuma flange emapaipi. Mavharuvhu aya anobata masisitimu ane simba guru uye dhayamita hombe, zvichiita kuti kugadzirisa nekuputsa zvive nyore. Magasket ari pakati pema flanges anoita kuti pave nekubatana kwakachengeteka, kusina kubuda kwemvura.

Mashandisirwo:

- Mapaipi emafuta negesi

- Mafekitori ekugadzirisa makemikari

- Nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura

3. Vharuvhu yeBhora reWafer

A vharafu yebhora rewafer(kana *vharafu yebhora yemhando yeclamp*) inoiswa pakati pemaflange maviri epaipi uchishandisa mabhoti. Mavharuvhu aya akamanikana uye akareruka, anokodzera masisitimu ane nzvimbo shoma asi haana kubatana kwemagumo, achivimba nekumanikidzwa kweflange kuti avharwe.

Mashandisirwo:

- Kugadziriswa kwechikafu nezvinwiwa

- Masisitimu eHVAC akakwana

- Masisitimu ehydraulic ane kumanikidzwa kwakaderera

Kupatsanurwa kweVharuvhu yeBhora neDhizaini

1. Vharuvhu Yebhora Inoyangarara

Bhora rinobatwa nezvigaro zviviri uye rinoyangarara zvishoma pasi pekumanikidzwa. Yakakodzera mavharuvhu madiki kusvika pakati nepakati, dhizaini iyi inodhura zvishoma asi inogona kuomerwa nekukwira kwesimba remagetsi.

2. Vharuvhu yeBhora reTrunnion

Bhora rakanamirwa ne trunnion (pivot), zvichideredza torque yekushanda uye zvinobata kumanikidzwa kwakakwira. Rinowanikwa mumapaipi emafuta negasi.

3. Chiteshi Chizere vs. Chiteshi Chishoma

- Vharuvhu Yese Yechiteshi Chebhora: Bore rinoenderana nedhayamita yepombi, zvichideredza kuramba kwemvura.

- Vharuvhu yeBhara rePort Yakaderedzwa: Bore racho diki, zvichideredza saizi yevharuvhu nemutengo asi kudzvanywa kwesimba kuri kuwedzera.

Kuyera uye Kuyera Kumanikidzwa kweVharuvhu yeBhora

Kuongororwa kweDzvinyiriro

Mavharuvhu ebhora anoongororwa zvichienderana nekumanikidzwa kwavo kwakanyanya kunobvumidzwa (semuenzaniso, ANSI Kirasi 150, 300, 600). Makirasi epamusoro anoratidza kuramba kwakanyanya kumanikidzwa. Semuenzaniso:

- Kirasi 150: 285 PSI pa100°F
- Kirasi 600: 1,440 PSI pa100°F

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kugona Kudzvinyirirwa:

- Simba rezvinhu

- Kuvimbika kwechigaro nechisimbiso

- Rudzi rwekubatanidza (mavharuvhu ane flanged anobata kumanikidzwa kwakakwira)

Maitiro Ehukuru

Saizi dzemavharuvhu ebhora dzinotangira pa ¼ inch (yekushandisa mudzimba) kusvika pa 48 inches (mapaipi emaindasitiri). Mitemo yakajairika inosanganisira:

- NPT (NPT) (Tambo yePaipi Yenyika): Yemavharuvhu ane shinda.

- ASME B16.10: Zvekuyera kwakatarisana.

- ASME B16.5: Yemavharuvhu akapinza.

Nzira dzeKushanda kweVharuvhu yeBhora

1. Kushanda nemaoko

Inoshandiswa ne lever kana handwheel. Yakanakira mavharuvhu madiki kana masisitimu anoda kugadziriswa nguva nenguva.

2. Kushanda kwePneumatic

Inoshandisa mhepo yakamanikidzwa kuita kuti mavharuvhu ashande otomatiki. Yakanakira nzvimbo dziri kure kana dzine njodzi.

3. Kushanda Kwemagetsi

Inoshanda nemamota emagetsi, zvichiita kuti ibatane nemasisitimu ekudzora kuti ikwanise kudzora kufamba kwemhepo nemazvo.

Maitiro Ekusarudza Vharuvhu Yebhora Yakakodzera

1. Kuenderana kweMidhiya: Iva nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu (muviri, bhora, chigaro) zvinodzivirira ngura kubva mumvura.

2. Kumanikidzwa uye Tembiricha: Enzanisa chiyero chevharuvhu nezvinodiwa nesystem.

3. Rudzi rwekubatanidza: Sarudza yakarukwa, yakaputirwa, kana kuti yakapfava zvichibva pakugadzirwa kwepaipi.

4. Saizi yeChiteshi: Sarudza mavharuvhu akazara ekufambisa mvura kuti uwane masisitimu anoyerera zvakanyanya.

5. Kuita: Otomatiki kana zvichidikanwa kugadzirisa nguva nenguva kana kudzora kure.

Mhedziso

Mavharuvhu ebhora anokwanisa kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana, anogara kwenguva refu, uye akakosha pakudzora kufamba kwemvura mumaindasitiri. Kunzwisisa zvikamu zvawo—muviri wevharuvhu yebhora, bhorauyechigaro—pamwe chete nemarudzi akaita seyakarukwa, yakamoneredzwauyechifukidziromavharuvhu ebhora, anovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka kwesystem. Nekufunga nezve pressure ratings, saizi, uye nzira dzekushandisa, unogona kusarudza vharuvhu inosangana nezvinodiwa zvako zvekushanda. Gara uchibatana nemugadziri ane mukurumbira kuti uve nechokwadi chehunhu uye kutevedzera mitemo yeindasitiri.