Xa kufikwa kwiinkqubo zolawulo lolwelo lwemizi-mveliso,iivalvu zebholaziphakathi kwezona zinto zithembekileyo neziguquguqukayo. Ukukwazi kwazo ukusingatha ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kuzenza zibe yimfuneko kuzo zonke iimboni. Eli nqaku lihlolaukuhlelwa kweevalvu zebhola ezinkulu, iintlobo zazo, kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kufunwa umntu othembekileyoumenzi wevalvu yebholaokanyeumthengisi eTshayina.
Yintoni iValve yeBhola
A ivalvu yebholayivalvu ejika ngekota esebenzisa ibhola engenanto, eneembobo, nejikelezayo ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo. Xa ivalvu ivuliwe, umngxuma webhola uhambelana nombhobho, uvumela ulwelo ukuba ludlule. Xa ivaliwe, ibhola ijikeleza ngama-90 degrees ukuvimba ukuhamba kolwelo. Uyilo lwayo olulula luqinisekisa ukuqina, ukuvuza okuncinci, kunye nokusebenza lula.
Iivalvu ezinkulu zebhola, ezidla ngokuchazwa njengezo zinobubanzi obuzii-intshi ezingama-40 (DN1000) okanye ngaphezulu, zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwioyile negesi, unyango lwamanzi, ukucubungula iikhemikhali, kunye nokuvelisa umbane.
Ivalvu yeBhola: Izinto eziphambili
Ukuqonda i-anatomy ye-aivalvu yebholaKubalulekile ekukhetheni uhlobo olufanelekileyo oluhambelana neemfuno zakho:
1. UmzimbaIzindlu zinezixhobo zangaphakathi; izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka intsimbi engagqwaliyo, intsimbi ephosiweyo, kunye nentsimbi yekhabhoni.
2. Ibhola: Isphere ejikelezayo enembobo elawula ukuhamba kwamanzi.
3. Izihlalo: Yenza uphawu phakathi kwebhola nomzimba.
4. Isiqu: Iqhagamshela i-actuator kwibhola ukuze ijikeleziswe.
5. I-Actuator: Isixhobo sokusebenzisa ngesandla, igiya, okanye inkqubo ezenzekelayo (yombane/yomoya).
Ngokubaiivalvu zebhola ezinkulu, ulwakhiwo olomeleleyo kunye neendlela zokuvala eziqinisiweyo zibalulekile ukuze zimelane noxinzelelo olukhulu kunye namazinga okuhamba kwamanzi.
Iintlobo zeValve yeBhola: Uhlulo olusekelwe kuYilo
Iivalvu zebhola zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwazo:
Ivalve yeBhola edadayo
- Ibhola ixhonywe zizihlalo, ilungele ubukhulu obuncinci.
- Ixabiso liphantsi kodwa ayifanelekanga kangakoiivalvu zebhola ezinkulungenxa yeemfuno eziphezulu ze-torque.
I-Trunnion Enyuswe Ibhola yeValve
- Ibhola iqiniswe yi-trunnion (pivot), nto leyo enciphisa i-torque yokusebenza.
- Kukhethwa kakhuluiivalvu zebhola ezinkulukwimibhobho yeoyile negesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
I-Full Bore vs. I-Reduced Bore
- Imbobo epheleleyoUbubanzi bebhola buhambelana nombhobho, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhla koxinzelelo.
- Ukuncipha kwembobo: Ukuvulwa kwebhola okuncinci, okufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezixinzelelweyo.
Ivalvu yeBhola yeZibuko ezininzi
- Ineeport ezininzi zokuphambukisa ukuhamba kwamanzi, ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokusasaza ezintsonkothileyo.
Ivalvu yeBhola ezaliswe ngumqolo
- Yenzelwe ukuthintela ukuvaleka kolwelo kwindawo engaphakathi kwebhola, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu xa kusetyenzwa ngococeko okanye ngokugqwala.
Kutheni Ukhetha iValve yeBhola yoBukhulu obukhulu
Iivalvu zebhola ezinkuluzibalulekile kwi:
- Iinkqubo ezihamba ngamandla: Lawula ngokufanelekileyo izixa ezikhulu zolwelo okanye iigesi.
- Ukuqina: Yenzelwe ukuphatha izinto ezirhabaxa okanye ezirhabaxa.
- Ulawulo oluchanekileyo: Qinisekisa ukuba i-cima ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo.
Ukukhetha umenzi weValve yeBhola eNkulu enokuthenjwa
Xa ufuna ulwaziiivalvu zebhola ezinkulu, ukusebenzisana nomntu ohloniphekileyoumzi-mveliso wevalvu yebholaokanyeumthengisi eTshayinainika izibonelelo ezifana nokukhuphisanaixabiso, ukwenza ngokwezifiso, kunye nokunamathela kwimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (i-API, i-ANSI, i-ISO). Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe:
1. Umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo: Qinisekisa ukuba iivalvu zenziwe ngee-alloys ezimelana nokugqwala.
2. Iziqinisekiso: Khangela iimpawu ze-ISO 9001, API 6D, okanye ze-CE.
3. Ukwenziwa ngokwezifisoKhetha abavelisi ababonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe iimfuno ezizodwa zokusebenza.
4. Inkxaso Emva Kokuthengisa: Iwaranti, uncedo lobuchwephesha, kunye nokufumaneka kwezixhobo ezingasetyenziswanga.
I-China isaqhubeka nokuba yindawo ephambili kwihlabathi liphelaukuvelisa iivalvu zebhola, kunye nababoneleli abadibanisa iteknoloji ephucukileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
Isiphelo
Ukususelaiivalvu zebhola ezidadayoukwenza umsebenzi onzimauyilo olufakwe kwi-trunnionukuqonda ukuhlelwa kweentloboiivalvu zebhola ezinkuluiqinisekisa ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezicelo zoshishino. Nokuba ubeka phambili naixabiso, ukuqina, okanye ukuchaneka, ukusebenzisana nomntu othembekileyoUmthengisi wevalvu yebhola yaseTshayinakuqinisekisa ukufikelela kwizisombululo ezisebenza kakuhle.
Kwimizi-mveliso efuna ulawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi oluthembekileyo, tyala imali kumgangathoiivalvu zebhola ezinkuluevela kwisiqinisekisoumenzisisigqibo esicwangcisiweyo esiphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-20-2025