Uburyo bwo kubika no kubungabunga neza amavalufu y'ingo: Inama z'inzobere zo kwirinda gusubira inyuma kw'amazi

Valive zo mu rugi, valive zo mu ruziga, na valive zo mu ruziga ni ingenzi mu miyoboro y'amazi, kuhira, no mu nganda. Zirinda kwandura amazi binyuze mu gukumira amazi atembera mu ruziga no kwemeza ko sisitemu ikora neza. Ariko, kubika no kubungabunga nabi bishobora kwangiza imikorere yabyo, bigatera gusana cyangwa gusimbuza amafaranga menshi. Muri iyi nyandiko, tuzasuzuma intambwe zishobora gufatwa kugira ngo tubike kandi tubibungabunge neza.

Uburyo bwo kubungabunga no kubungabunga valve

Gusukura isura

Hanagura inyuma y'agatambaro ukoresheje igitambaro gisukuye buri kwezi kugira ngo ukureho ivumbi, amavuta n'imyanda.
Ku mwanda ugoye gukuraho, koresha isabune yoroheje, ariko wirinde gukoresha imiti ihumanya cyane.

Igikorwa cyo gusiga amavuta

Shyira amavuta akwiye ku migozi, imigozi n'ibindi bice byimuka bya valve buri gihembwe.
Mbere yo gusiga, kuramo amavuta ashaje n'imyanda iri ku buso bw'ibice kugira ngo urebe neza ko amavuta akoreshwa.

Igenzura ry'ikimenyetso

Reba imikorere y'ifunga rya valve rimwe mu kwezi kugira ngo urebe niba hari amazi yavuye mu gihe ifunze.
Ushobora kumenya niba imikorere yo gufunga ari myiza ukoresheje imbaraga n'ibikoresho byo gutahura amazi cyangwa ukareba uduheri.

Uburyo bwo kubungabunga

Igenzura ry'imikorere y'ubworoherane

Kora akazi n'intoki rimwe mu mezi atandatu kugira ngo urebe ko valve ikora neza kandi idashobora kuyirwanya mu gihe ifunguye neza kandi ifunze neza.
Niba usanze kubagwa byarahagaze cyangwa byaranze, ugomba kumenya impamvu hanyuma ukayikemura ku gihe.
Igenzura ry'ibice

Kora igenzura ryimbitse rya valve buri mwaka, wibanda ku kwangirika no kwangirika kw'inkingi ya valve, igice cy'imbere cya valve n'intebe ya valve.
Menya neza ko nta nkovu cyangwa ingese biri ku ruti rw'umugozi. Gusaza gato bishobora gusigwa; niba igice cy'imbere cy'umugozi n'intebe y'umugozi byangiritse cyane, byangiritse cyangwa byangiritse, bigomba gusimburwa ku gihe.
Uburyo bwo kuvura ingese

Ku mavali ahura n’ahantu hakonje cyangwa hangiritse, irangi rirwanya ingese rigomba gusuzumwa no gusanwa buri gihe.
Uburyo bwo gusiga amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ashyushye, gusiga amarangi n'ubundi buryo bushobora gukoreshwa mu kurinda icyuma kugira ngo gikomeze gukora neza mu bihe bikomeye.
Ikizamini cy'umuvuduko

Valve nshya zishyizweho cyangwa zisana zigomba gupimwa umuvuduko mbere yo kuzikoresha kugira ngo zigenzurwe neza ko zikora neza.
Ku barinda bakora neza, ni byiza gukora ikizamini cy'umuvuduko buri myaka 1-2 kugira ngo harebwe niba imikorere yabo ihamye kandi yizewe.
Kwandika no kubika

Andika inyandiko zirambuye za buri gikorwa cyo kubungabunga no kubungabunga, harimo igihe cyo gukora, abakozi, ibikubiye mu gikorwa, ibibazo byabonetse n'ibyavuye mu kuvura.
Bika neza inyandiko zikenewe kugira ngo worohereze isesengura n'imikoreshereze y'amavali mu gihe kizaza no kunoza imirimo yo kuyasana.

Mu gihe cyo gukora imirimo yo gusana no kubungabunga valve, amabwiriza yose y’umutekano agomba kubahirizwa neza. Mbere yo gukora, bigomba kwemezwa ko sisitemu yahagaze burundu kandi ko umuvuduko wayo wagabanutse. Muri icyo gihe, umukoresha agomba kuba afite ubumenyi buhagije n’uburambe buhagije kugira ngo arebe ko akazi ko gusana gafite umutekano kandi gatanga umusaruro.

Ahantu ho kubungabunga no gusana ubwoko bw'imvange isanzwe

Valve y'irembo:

Mu gihe cyo kubungabunga, valve y'irembo igomba kubikwa mu cyumba cyumye kandi gifite umwuka, kandi impera zombi z'inzira zigomba gufungwa. Reba buri gihe uko ubuso bwo gufunga n'umugozi wa trapezoidal byangiritse, ukureho umwanda ku gihe kandi ushyireho amavuta yo kurwanya ingese. Nyuma yo gushyiraho, menya neza ko wakoze ikizamini cyo gufunga.

Mu gihe cyo kubungabunga, niba ubuso bwo gufunga bwashaje, icyabiteye kigomba kumenyekana kandi hagomba gukorwa uburyo bujyanye no gutunganya cyangwa gusimbuza ibice. Muri icyo gihe, menya neza ko irembo riri mu buryo bwo gufungura neza cyangwa gufunga neza, wirinde kurikoresha mu guhindura inzira, kugira ngo hirindwe isuri no kwangirika vuba k'ubuso bwo gufunga. Uruziga rw'amaboko rugomba gukoreshwa mu guhinduranya, kandi hagomba gukurikizwa ihame ryo kuzunguruka iburyo mu gufunga no kuzunguruka ibumoso mu gufungura.

Valve y'umubumbe:

Uburyo bwo kubungabunga busa n'ubwa valve yo mu irembo, ariko hakwiye kwitabwaho icyerekezo cy'amazi mu gihe cyo kuyashyiraho kugira ngo amazi atembera muri valve kuva hasi kugera hejuru. Bikomeze bisukuye mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha kandi wongere amavuta ku mugozi wo kohereza amakuru buri gihe.

Mu gihe cyo kubungabunga, valve y'umubumbe ifite imikorere yizewe yo kuzimya kuko igice cy'umubumbe cy'umubumbe gifite umwanya muto wo gufungura cyangwa gufunga. Intebe y'umubumbe n'ikibaho cy'umubumbe akenshi biroroshye gusana cyangwa gusimbuza udakuye valve yose mu muyoboro. Muri icyo gihe, witondere kwirinda gukoresha umuvuduko ukabije kugira ngo ugabanye kwangirika kw'imashini ku buso bufunga.

Valve y'ikinyugunyugu:

Komeza usukure mu gihe cyo kubungabunga kandi ushyiremo amavuta yo kwisiga ku bice by’ingufu. Amwe mu mavavu y’ibinyugunyugu yuzuyemo molybdenum disulfide, agomba kongerwamo buri gihe kugira ngo akomeze gukora neza.

Mu gihe cyo kubungabunga, valve zisanzwe z'ibinyugunyugu ziba amoko abiri: ubwoko bwa wafer n'ubwoko bwa flange. Mu gihe cyuzuye neza, ubunini bw'ikibaho cy'ibinyugunyugu ni bwo bwonyine butuma icyuma gica mu gice cy'umubiri wa valve kidasohoka, bityo umuvuduko uterwa na valve uba muto, kandi ifite imiterere myiza yo kugenzura amazi. Iyo hagaragaye ikibazo, hagarika gukoresha ako kanya hanyuma umenye impamvu.

Valve y'umupira:

Iyo bibitswe igihe kirekire, menya neza ko impera zombi zifunze kandi ziri ahantu hafunguye. Komeza ugire isuku mu gihe ukoresha kandi ushyiremo amavuta ku migozi itwara umuriro buri gihe. Muri icyo gihe, irinde kuyakoresha ahantu hafunguye gato kugira ngo wirinde ingaruka z'amazi kuri valve.

Mu gihe cyo kubungabunga, valve y'umupira ishobora gufungurwa neza cyangwa igafungwa neza gusa. Ntibyemewe gukoreshwa mu guhindura amazi kugira ngo hirindwe isuri no kwangirika vuba k'ubuso bufunga.
Byongeye kandi, hari inama zimwe na zimwe zo kubungabunga no gusana valve zo kugenzura:

Valve yo kugenzura igomba kubikwa mu cyumba cyumye kandi gifite umwuka mwiza kugira ngo hirindwe ko imyanda yinjira mu miterere yacyo imbere ikangiza; imyobo y'imiyoboro ku mpande zombi igomba gufungwa n'umutwe kugira ngo ikomeze gukora neza.

Ibyuma byo kugenzura bimaze igihe kirekire bibitswe bigomba gusuzumwa buri gihe, umwanda uri mu mwobo wabyo w'imbere ugomba gukurwaho, kandi amavuta agomba gushyirwa ku buso bwatunganyijwe neza kugira ngo birindwe.

Imiterere y'imikorere ya valve yo kugenzura ikora nayo igomba gusuzumwa buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane kandi hakosorwe amakosa mato ku gihe. Iyo habayeho ikosa rikomeye, rigomba gukurwaho kugira ngo rikomeze kubungabungwa. Nyuma yo kugenzura no kubungabunga, ikizamini cyo gufunga kigomba kongera gukorwa, kandi imiterere y'ikosa n'uburyo bwo kugenzura no kubungabunga bigomba kwandikwa mu buryo burambuye.

Ku bijyanye na valve yo kugenzura umunwa, mu gihe cyo kubika no gutwara, ibice bifunguka n'ibifunga bigomba kuba bifunze neza, kandi ingamba zikurikira zigomba gufatwa kugira ngo birindwe:

Disiki ya valve igomba gushyirwa ahantu hafunguye.

Koresha ifuro ry'imbaho ​​kugira ngo uzibire imyobo y'imbere ku mpera zombi z'umurambararo hanyuma ushyiremo ibipfundikizo bidafite aho bibohera kugira ngo hirindwe ivumbi n'ingese, ariko kandi ukomeze gusukura umuyoboro n'igice cy'inyuma gitunganye.

Pakira neza igice cya silindiri kugira ngo urebe ko gifite inshingano zo kurinda impanuka no kugongana.

Iyo ishyizwemo, igomba kuguma ihamye, kugenzura neza ko igikoresho gikoresha umwuka gireba hejuru, kandi wirinde gukandagirana.

Iyo bishyizwe igihe kirekire, umwanda n'ingese ku miyoboro ibiri n'ubuso bufunga hamwe n'uburinzi bw'aho gusudira bigomba kugenzurwa buri mezi atatu. Nyuma yo gukuraho umwanda n'ingese, amavuta arwanya ingese agomba kongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo arindwe.

Akamaro k'ingenzi k'agasanduku k'igenzura ni ukurinda ko amazi asubira inyuma, bityo kagomba gushyirwa ku bikoresho, ibikoresho n'imiyoboro. Agasanduku k'igenzura kabugenewe gasanzwe gakwiriye ibikoresho bisukuye kandi ntigakwiye gukoreshwa ku gasanduku karimo uduce duto kandi dufite ubukana bwinshi. Ku miyoboro itambitse ifite umurambararo wa mm 50, ni byiza gukoresha agasanduku k'igenzura kabugenewe gahagaze.

Kugira ngo hirindwe ko valve yangirika, ingamba zigomba gufatwa nko gushyira amavuta arwanya ingese cyangwa amavuta ku buso bw'umubiri wa valve, cyane cyane ahantu hashyushye. Muri icyo gihe, genzura buri gihe niba ibifunga bya valve birekuye kandi ubikomeze ku gihe. Ibifunga ni ibintu by'ingenzi kugira ngo urebe ko valve zikora neza kandi zigomba gusimburwa buri gihe. Muri rusange ni byiza kubisimbuza buri myaka 1-2, kandi ibifunga bihuye n'icyitegererezo cya valve bigomba gutoranywa mugihe cyo gusimbuza.

Gusana:

Amakosa n'ibisubizo bisanzwe ni ibi bikurikira:

Disiki ya valve yangiritse: Ibi akenshi biterwa n'umuvuduko uri hagati mbere na nyuma y'aho icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi kiri hafi kuringaniza no "guterana", bigatuma habaho gukubita kenshi icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi n'intebe y'icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi. Kugira ngo hirindwe iki kibazo, ni byiza gukoresha icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi gifite icyuma gikingira amashanyarazi gikozwe mu bikoresho bikomeye.
Ihererekanyamakuru rigaruka: Ibi bishobora guterwa no kwangirika k'ubuso bufunga cyangwa imyanda ifatwa. Umuti ujyanye n'ibyo ni ugusana ubuso bufunga no gusukura imyanda.
Mu gihe cyo gusana no gusana valve yo kugenzura, intambwe ya mbere ni ugufunga valve no gukata amashanyarazi kugira ngo habeho imikorere myiza. Muri icyo gihe, hagomba gutegurwa ingamba zijyanye no kuyisana ku bwoko butandukanye bwa valve n'ahantu hakoreshwa. Niba uhuye n'ibibazo bigoye cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye, ni byiza gushaka ubufasha bw'abatekinisiye b'inzobere cyangwa kuvugana n'uwakoze iyo valve kugira ngo akuyobore.

Mu gihe cyo gusana no gusana, itondere ibibazo bikurikira bikunze kugaragara:

Gusana ibice bya transmission: Reba buri gihe ibice by'amashanyarazi hanyuma wongereho amavuta yo kwisiga ku gihe kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika cyangwa gufungana bitewe n'uko amavuta adahagije yo kwisiga.

Amabwiriza yo kwirinda gutera amavuta: Genzura ingano y'amavuta ashyirwa mu gikoresho, ubare neza ubushobozi bwo gufunga ukurikije ingano n'ubwoko bwa valve, kandi ushyiremo amavuta akwiye. Muri icyo gihe, witondere umuvuduko w'amavuta ashyirwa mu gikoresho, wirinde ko aba menshi cyane cyangwa make cyane, kandi uyahindure ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, nko gusimbuza umwobo w'amavuta cyangwa gukoresha amazi yo gusukura kugira ngo woroshye kandi ukomere amavuta ashyirwa mu gikoresho hanyuma ushyiremo amavuta mashya.

Gusana ibipaki: Gupfunyika ni ingenzi kugira ngo valve ifungwe neza. Kugira ngo wirinde gusohoka, ushobora kubigeraho ukoresheje gufunga neza imbuto zo ku mpande zombi z'agace gapfunyika, ariko witondere kwirinda gupfunyika cyane icyarimwe kugira ngo wirinde ko agapfunyika gatakaza ubukana bwako.

Igenzura rya buri munsi: Reba niba ibice byose bya valve ari byiza kandi byuzuye, kandi niba bolts za flange na bracket zifunze kandi zimeze neza. Muri icyo gihe, witondere niba ingano ya valve, agapapuro k'icyuma gafunga, umupfundikizo n'ibikoresho byayo bidafite ingaruka mbi.

Irinde gukora nabi: Birabujijwe cyane gukubita valve cyangwa kuyikoresha nk'umusego wo gukubita ibindi bintu, kandi ukirinda guhagarara kuri valve cyangwa gushyigikira ibintu biremereye. Valve iri gukora igomba kwirindwa gukubita. Mu gihe cyo gusukura umuyoboro w'ibikorwa, ni ngombwa kwitondera niba ibipimo by'ibikorwa biri muri valve biri mu rugero rwemewe kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw'ibipfunyika bya valve n'umubiri wayo.

Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukemura ibibazo: Mu gihe ukoresha valve y'umwuka, ugomba kuyifungura gato kugira ngo usuke amazi afunze, hanyuma ukayifungura buhoro buhoro hanyuma uhindure gato urutoki rw'intoki kugira ngo urebe ko ifunze neza. Mu bushyuhe buke, ni ngombwa gukuramo amazi afunze n'amazi yakusanyije mu valve y'umwuka n'amazi kugira ngo wirinde gukonja no kwangirika. Iyo ubushyuhe bwa valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi buzamutse bukagera kuri dogere selisiyusi 200, bolts zigomba "gushyuha cyane" kugira ngo zikomeze gufunga, ariko iki gikorwa ntikigomba gukorwa iyo valve ifunze neza.

Gusana no gusana valve ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ikore neza, yongere igihe cyo kuyimara no gukumira amazi. Niba utazi imiterere cyangwa imikorere yayo, ni byiza gushaka ubufasha bw'abatekinisiye b'inzobere. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa gukora ikoreshwa n'isuku isanzwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza y'imashini n'ibipimo ngenderwaho bireba.

Ubwoko bw'udupira dukoreshwa cyane n'imiterere yatwo mu bigega byo gusukura imyanda

Mu rwego rwo gutunganya imyanda, ama-valve ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi, kandi guhitamo no kuyabungabunga bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku ituze n'imikorere myiza y'uburyo bwose bwo gutunganya imyanda. Iyi nkuru izagaragaza ubwoko bwinshi bw'ama-valve akoreshwa cyane mu ma-valve asukura imyanda, harimo imiterere yayo, amahame y'imikorere n'ibintu bifatika, kugira ngo bigufashe gusobanukirwa neza no gukoresha aya ma-valve.