Actuator y'umwuka ni actuator ikoresha umuvuduko w'umwuka kugira ngo ifungure, ifunge cyangwa igenzure valve. Nanone yitwa actuator y'umwuka cyangwa igikoresho gihumeka. Actuator z'umwuka rimwe na rimwe ziba zifite ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'inyongera. Ibikunze gukoreshwa ni positioners za valve na mechanisms z'amapine y'intoki. Inshingano y'actuator ni ugukoresha ihame ryo gusubiza kugira ngo inoze imikorere ya actuator kugira ngo actuator ibashe kugera ku mwanya mwiza hakurikijwe ikimenyetso cy'ubuyobozi cy'umugenzuzi. Inshingano y'actuator y'amapine y'intoki ni ukuyikoresha mu gukoresha neza actuator y'ubuyobozi kugira ngo ikomeze gukora neza iyo sisitemu y'ubuyobozi yananiwe kubera ibura ry'amashanyarazi, ibura rya gazi, nta muyobozi usohoka cyangwa ikosa ry'umugenzuzi.
Ihame ry'imikorere rya Actuator y'umwuka
Iyo umwuka ufunze winjiye muri actuator ikoresha umwuka uturutse ku munwa A, umwuka ushyira piston ebyiri ku murongo umwe ugana ku mpera zombi (imitwe ya silindiri), kandi agakoresho ka piston gatera vitesi iri ku munwa uzenguruka kugira ngo izunguruke dogere 90 mu buryo bunyuranyije n'isaha, hanyuma valve irafungurwa. Muri iki gihe, gazi iri ku mpera zombi za actuator ikoresha umwuka isohoka mu munwa B. Ahubwo, iyo umwuka ufunze winjiye ku mpera zombi za actuator ikoresha umwuka uturutse ku munwa B, gazi isunika piston ebyiri kugira ngo izunguruke hagati, kandi agakoresho ka piston gatera vitesi iri ku munwa uzenguruka kugira ngo izunguruke dogere 90 mu buryo bw'isaha, maze valve irafungwa. Muri iki gihe, gazi iri hagati ya actuator ikoresha umwuka isohoka mu munwa A. Ibi byavuzwe haruguru ni ihame ryo kohereza ry'ubwoko busanzwe. Dukurikije ibyo umukoresha akeneye, actuator ikoresha umwuka ishobora gushyirwaho ihame ryo kohereza ritandukanye n'ubwoko busanzwe, ni ukuvuga ko umurongo watoranijwe uzunguruka mu buryo bw'isaha kugira ngo ufungure valve, kandi ikazunguruka mu buryo bunyuranyije n'isaha kugira ngo ifunge valve. Umunwa wa A wo mu cyuma gikurura umwuka gikoresha umwuka umwe (ubwoko bwo kugarura impera) ni wo winjirira mu mwuka, naho umunwa wa B ni umwobo usohora umwuka (umunwa wa B ugomba gushyirwaho akantu ko gufunga). Umunwa wa A ufungura valve, kandi imbaraga z'umunwa zifunga valve iyo umwuka uciwe.
Imikorere ya Actuator y'Impemu
1. Imbaraga cyangwa imbaraga z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu gikoresho cy'umwuka zigomba kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga n'ay'abakiriya
2. Mu gihe nta gukurura imizigo, silinda yinjira hamwe n'umuvuduko w'umwuka wavuzwe muri "Imbonerahamwe ya 2", kandi kugenda kwayo bigomba kuba byoroshye nta gufungana cyangwa ngo bigwe.
3. Mu gihe cy'umuvuduko w'umwuka wa 0.6MPa, imbaraga zisohoka cyangwa imbaraga zikoreshwa n'igikoresho gihumeka haba mu cyerekezo cyo gufungura no gufunga ntizigomba kuba munsi y'agaciro kagaragajwe ku ikarita y'igikoresho gihumeka, kandi igikorwa kigomba kuba cyoroshye, kandi nta guhindagurika guhoraho cyangwa ibindi bintu bidasanzwe bizabaho mu gice icyo ari cyo cyose.
4. Iyo ikizamini cyo gufunga gikozwe ku muvuduko ntarengwa w’imikorere, ingano y’umwuka uva uturutse ku ruhande rw’inyuma ntigomba kurenga (3+0.15D)cm3/min (imiterere isanzwe); ingano y’umwuka uva uturutse ku gifuniko cyo ku mpera n’umuyoboro usohoka ntigomba kurenga (3+0.15d)cm3/min.
5. Ikizamini cy'imbaraga gikorwa ku gipimo cy'umuvuduko ntarengwa w'akazi inshuro 1.5. Nyuma yo kugumana igipimo cy'umuvuduko mu gihe cy'iminota 3, igifuniko cy'impera ya silindiri n'ibice bifunga bidahinduka ntibyemewe kugira imyanda no guhinduka kw'imiterere.
6. Umubare w'igihe cy'akazi, igikoresho gihumeka gishushanya imikorere ya valve ihumeka. Mu gihe cyo kugumana imbaraga zisohoka cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gukurura mu byerekezo byombi, umubare w'ibikorwa byo gufungura no gufunga ntugomba kuba munsi y'inshuro 50.000 (inshuro imwe yo gufungura no gufunga).
7. Ku bikoresho by'umwuka bifite uburyo bwo gufunga, iyo piston yimutse ikagera aho icyuma gihagarara, ntibyemewe gutera.
Ibyiza bya Pneumatic Actuators
1. Emera ibimenyetso bya gaze bihoraho n'uburyo bwo gusohora umurongo ugororotse (nyuma yo kongeramo igikoresho gihindura amashanyarazi/gaze, ishobora no kwakira ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bihoraho). Bimwe bishobora gusohora uburyo bwo gusohora umurongo ugororotse nyuma yo gushyirwaho ukuboko kwa rocker.
2. Hariho imirimo myiza n'imbi.
3. Umuvuduko wo kugenda ni munini, ariko umuvuduko uzagabanuka iyo umutwaro wiyongereye.
4. Imbaraga zisohoka zifitanye isano n'umuvuduko w'imikorere.
5. Kwizerwa cyane, ariko valve ntishobora gukomeza gukoreshwa nyuma y’uko isoko y’umwuka ihagaze (ishobora gukomeza gukoreshwa nyuma yo kongeramo valve irinda aho iherereye).
6. Biragoye gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura no kugenzura porogaramu mu buryo busesuye.
7. Gutunganya ibintu byoroshye no guhuza neza n'ibidukikije.
8. Ingufu nyinshi zisohoka.
9. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda guturika.
Mu mpeshyi
Ingano zo gushyiraho no guhuza za actuators na valves byakozwe hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga ya ISO5211, DIN3337 na VDI/VDE3845, kandi bishobora guhindurwa na actuators zisanzwe za pneumatic.
Umwobo w'umwuka uturukamo uhuye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho bya NAMUR.
Umwobo wo hasi w’icyuma giteranya umwuka (ujyanye n’ibipimo bya ISO5211) ni kare ebyiri, byoroshye gushyiramo valves zifite inkoni kare zigororotse cyangwa zigororotse za 45°.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-16-2025