Buku Lotsogolera Kusankha Valve ya Mpira Yoyendetsedwa ndi Pneumatic: Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito, Kukula kwa Actuator & Kugwiritsa Ntchito kwa ESDV

1. Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito & Njira Zoyendetsera Actuator

A valavu ya mpira yoyendetsedwa ndi pneumaticimakhala ndivalavu ya mpira yozungulira kotalathupi
zogwirizana ndichoyendetsa mpweyaChoyatsira mpweya choponderezedwa (nthawi zambiri
4.0–8.0 bar / 60–115 PSI) mu torque yamakina, kuyendetsa tsinde la valavu ndi mpira kudutsa kuzungulira kwa 90°
kutsegula kapena kutseka njira yoyendamo mwachangu.

1.1 Mitundu ya Actuator ya Pneumatic

• Zoyeretsera Rack & Pinion: Ili ndi ma pistoni awiri osiyana okhala ndi ma gear racks okhala ndi pinion yapakati.
  Ubwino wake ndi monga kupondaponda pang'ono, kutulutsa mphamvu yolunjika, kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa makina, komanso kuyankha mwachangu.
  Yoyenera kwambiri ma valve ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakati (½” mpaka 12″).
• Zoyeserera za Scotch YokeGwiritsani ntchito njira yopangira torque yosakhala yolunjika—
  kupereka mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri potsegula ndi kutseka mipando.
  Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambirima valve a mpira okhala ndi trunnion yayikulu
  (DN150 mpaka DN600+ / Kalasi 150 mpaka Kalasi 2500).

1.2 Kuchita Zinthu Kawiri Poyerekeza ndi Kubwerera kwa Masika (Kuchita Zinthu Kamodzi)

Kusankha njira yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito actuator kumakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha njira panthawi yolephera kwa mpweya:

2. Kapangidwe ka Thupi la Valve & Malo Okhala Ogwira Ntchito Mwapamwamba

Kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali kwa valavu ya mpira wa pneumatic kumadalira osati pa actuator yokha komanso pa
kapangidwe ka thupi la valavu ndi kusankha zipangizo zokhalamo. Ganizirani kutentha kogwirira ntchito, kuthamanga kwa mpweya,
kuwononga, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono posankha zinthu.

2.1 Makonzedwe a Thupi la Valavu

• Kapangidwe ka Mpira Woyandama: Yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito DN15–DN100, Kalasi 150–300.
  Kupanikizika kwa mmwamba kumakakamiza mpirawo kuti utseke pampando wapansi kuti utseke. Ndi wosavuta komanso wotsika mtengo.
• Kapangidwe ka Mpira Wokwera ndi Trunnion: Zofunikira pa ntchito za DN50–DN600, Class 150–2500 za kuthamanga kwambiri/zazikulu.
  Mpirawo umalumikizidwa ndi tsinde lapamwamba ndi thunthu lotsika, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ndi 50%.
  komanso kuteteza malo otsekera—abwino kwambiri poyendetsa njinga nthawi zonse.
• Kulongedza Kodzaza Mosavuta: Kupaka graphite kosinthasintha kosinthika kopangidwa ndi masika ku Belleville kumasunga
  katundu wozungulira wokhazikika, wolipira kayendedwe ka kutentha ndi kukumanaAPI 641ndi
  ISO 15848-1miyezo yotulutsa mpweya woipa.

2.2 Kuyerekeza Zinthu Zokhala

Pa ntchito yovuta kwambiri yokhudzana ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, kapena zinthu zolimba,
ma valve a mpira wa trunnion okhala ndi zitsulondi HVOF, zophimba zotenthetsera kutentha zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri.

3. Zowonjezera za ESDV Zozimitsa ndi Kuwongolera Mwadzidzidzi

Mu mafakitale opanga mafuta, mpweya, ndi magetsi, ma valve a mpira wa pneumatic nthawi zambiri amakhala
chotchulidwa kutiMa Vavu Ozimitsa Mwadzidzidzi (ESDV)kapena EIV (Ma Valves Odzipatula Mwadzidzidzi).
Izi ndi zinthu zomaliza zolamulira mkati mwaMachitidwe Ogwiritsira Ntchito Zida Zachitetezo (SIS), komwe
Liwiro la kuyankhidwa ndi kudalirika zimakhudza mwachindunji chitetezo cha zomera.

Pa ntchito za ESDV zothamanga kwambiri zomwe zimafuna kutsekedwa kwathunthu muMasekondi 0.5–1.0,
zigawo zina mongama valve otulutsa utsi mwachangundima valve oyendetsa okwera kwambiri
ziyenera kufotokozedwa kuti zichepetse nthawi yotulutsa utsi wa actuator.

4. Kuwerengera ndi Kukonza Miyezo ya Kukula kwa Torque ya Actuator

Gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusankha actuator ya pneumatic ndikufananiza mphamvu.
Kuchepa kwa kukula kumapangitsa kuti ma valavu asamayende bwino kapena kutsekedwa bwino; kukula kwambiri kumawonjezera mtengo, malo osungira katundu,
ndipo zingapangitse kuti thupi la valavu likhale lopanikizika kwambiri.

4.1 Fomula Yoyezera Kukula kwa Actuator

Sankhanichapamwamba kwambirimtengo pakati pa zigawo zitatu izi za torque monga maziko anu:

• Torque Yophulika: Mphamvu yayikulu yofunikira kuti muyambe kuzungulira kuchokera pamalo osasinthasintha.
• Kuthamanga kwa Torque: Mphamvu yofunikira kuti munthu azitha kuzungulira nthawi yonse ya stroke.
• Mzere Wokhala: Mphamvu yofunikira kuti mpira utsekedwe motsutsana ndi mpando pamalo otsekedwa.