1. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya valavu ya pulagi ya DBB
Valavu ya pulagi ya DBB ndi valavu yozungulira kawiri komanso yotuluka magazi: valavu yokhala ndi gawo limodzi yokhala ndi malo awiri otsekera mipando, ikakhala yotsekedwa, imatha kuletsa kuthamanga kwapakati kuchokera kumapeto kwa valavu yakumtunda ndi yakumunsi nthawi imodzi, ndipo imamatiridwa pakati pa malo otsekera mipando. Chophimba cha thupi la valavu chili ndi njira yochepetsera.
Kapangidwe ka valavu ya pulagi ya DBB kagawidwa m'magawo asanu: bonnet yapamwamba, pulagi, mpando wotsekera mphete, thupi la valavu ndi bonnet yapansi.
Thupi la pulagi la valavu ya DBB limapangidwa ndi pulagi ya conical valve ndi ma disc awiri a valve kuti apange thupi la cylindrical plug. Ma disc a valve mbali zonse ziwiri amakongoletsedwa ndi malo otsekera a rabara, ndipo pakati ndi pulagi ya conical wedge. Valvu ikatsegulidwa, njira yotumizira imapangitsa kuti pulagi ya valve ikwere, ndikuyendetsa ma disc a valve mbali zonse ziwiri kuti atseke, kotero kuti chisindikizo cha valve disc ndi pamwamba pa valve body sealing zilekanitsidwe, kenako imayendetsa plagi kuti izungulire 90° mpaka pamalo otseguka a valve. Valvu ikatsekedwa, njira yotumizira imazungulira plagi ya valve 90° mpaka pamalo otsekedwa, kenako imakankhira plagi ya valve kuti itsike, ma disc a valve mbali zonse ziwiri amakhudza pansi pa thupi la valve ndipo samayendanso pansi, plagi ya valve yapakati imapitirira kutsika, ndipo mbali ziwiri za valve zimakankhidwa ndi malo otsetsereka. Disiki imasunthira pamwamba pa valve body, kotero kuti pamwamba potseka kofewa pa disc ndi pamwamba pa valve body zimakanikizidwa kuti zitseke. Kuchita kwa kukangana kumatha kutsimikizira moyo wa ntchito ya valve disc sealing.
2. Ubwino wa valavu ya pulagi ya DBB
Ma valve a DBB plug ali ndi umphumphu wapamwamba kwambiri wotsekera. Kudzera mu mawonekedwe apadera a wedge-shaped cock, track yooneka ngati L komanso kapangidwe kapadera ka opareshoni, valve disc seal ndi body body sealing surface zimalekanitsidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito ya valve, motero kupewa kupanga kukangana, kuchotsa kutayika kwa seal ndikuwonjezera moyo wa valve. Nthawi yogwira ntchito imawongolera kudalirika kwa valve. Nthawi yomweyo, kasinthidwe kabwino ka thermal relief system kamatsimikizira chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito a valve ndi kutsekedwa kwathunthu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumapereka chitsimikizo pa intaneti cha tight shut-off ya valve.
Makhalidwe asanu ndi limodzi a valavu ya pulagi ya DBB
1) Vavu ndi valavu yotseka yogwira ntchito, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka conical cock, siidalira mphamvu ya payipi ndi mphamvu yomangira masika, imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kotseka kawiri, ndikupanga chisindikizo chodziyimira pawokha chopanda kutayikira kwa madzi akumtunda ndi akumunsi, ndipo valavuyo imakhala yodalirika kwambiri.
2) Kapangidwe kapadera ka woyendetsa ndi njanji yowongolera yooneka ngati L kamalekanitsa kwathunthu chisindikizo cha valavu ndi malo otsekera thupi la valavu panthawi yogwira ntchito ya valavu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chisindikizocho chisamagwire ntchito. Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito valavu ndi yaying'ono, yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, ndipo valavu imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito.
3) Kukonza valavu pa intaneti n'kosavuta komanso kosavuta. Vavu ya DBB ndi yosavuta kapangidwe kake ndipo imatha kukonzedwa popanda kuichotsa pamzere. Chivundikiro chapansi chingachotsedwe kuti muchotse slide pansi, kapena chivundikiro cha valavu chingachotsedwe kuti muchotse slide pamwamba. Vavu ya DBB ndi yaying'ono kukula kwake, yopepuka kulemera kwake, yosavuta kuichotsa ndi kuikonza, yosavuta komanso yachangu, ndipo sikufuna zida zazikulu zonyamulira.
4) Dongosolo lothandizira kutentha la valavu ya pulagi ya DBB limatulutsa yokha kuthamanga kwa valavu pakachitika kupanikizika kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuyang'ana pa intaneti nthawi yeniyeni ndikutsimikizira kutseka kwa valavu.
5) Chizindikiro cha nthawi yeniyeni cha malo a valavu, ndi singano yowonetsera pa tsinde la valavu zimatha kuyankha momwe valavu ilili nthawi yeniyeni.
6) Malo otulutsira zinyalala pansi amatha kutulutsa zinthu zodetsa, ndipo amatha kutulutsa madzi m'malo obisika a valavu nthawi yozizira kuti thupi la valavu lisawonongeke chifukwa cha kukula kwa voliyumu pamene madzi akuzizira.
3. Kusanthula kulephera kwa valavu ya pulagi ya DBB
1) Pini yotsogolera yasweka. Pini yotsogolera imakhazikika pa bulaketi yopangira tsinde la valve, ndipo mbali inayo imamangidwa pa tsinde lotsogolera looneka ngati L pa tsinde la valve. Pamene tsinde la valve liyamba kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa pansi pa ntchito ya actuator, pini yotsogolera imaletsedwa ndi tsinde lotsogolera, kotero valavu imapangidwa. Valvu ikatsegulidwa, pulagi imakwezedwa mmwamba kenako n’kuzunguliridwa ndi 90°, ndipo valavu ikatsekedwa, imazunguliridwa ndi 90° kenako n’kukanikiza pansi.
Kachitidwe ka tsinde la valavu pansi pa kachitidwe ka pini yotsogolera kakhoza kugawidwa kukhala kachitidwe kozungulira kolunjika ndi kachitidwe koyimirira mmwamba ndi pansi. Pamene valavu yatsegulidwa, tsinde la valavu limayendetsa tsinde looneka ngati L kuti likwere molunjika mpaka tsinde lotsogolera litafika pamalo ozungulira a tsinde looneka ngati L, liwiro loyimirira limatsika kufika pa 0, ndipo njira yolunjika imafulumizitsa kasinthasintha; pamene valavu yatsekedwa, tsinde la valavu limayendetsa tsinde looneka ngati L kuti lizungulire molunjika kupita ku Pamene tsinde lotsogolera lifika pamalo ozungulira a tsinde looneka ngati L, kutsika kwa tsinde kolunjika kumakhala 0, ndipo njira yolunjika imathamanga ndikukanikiza pansi. Chifukwa chake, tsinde lotsogolera limapatsidwa mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri pamene tsinde looneka ngati L limatembenuka, ndipo ndikosavuta kulandira mphamvu yokhudza mbali zopingasa ndi zopinga nthawi imodzi. Ma tsinde otsogolera osweka.
Pambuyo poti pini yotsogolera yasweka, valavu imakhala pamalo pomwe pulagi ya valve yanyamulidwa koma pulagi ya valve sinazunguliridwe, ndipo m'mimba mwake mwa pulagi ya valve imakhala yolunjika ku m'mimba mwake mwa thupi la valve. Mpata umadutsa koma sufika pamalo otseguka kwathunthu. Kuchokera pakuzungulira kwa cholumikizira chodutsa, zitha kuweruzidwa ngati pini yotsogolera ya valve yasweka. Njira ina yowunikira kusweka kwa pini yotsogolera ndikuwona ngati pini yowonetsa yomwe ili kumapeto kwa tsinde la valve yatsegulidwa pamene valavu yasinthidwa. Kuchita kozungulira.
2) Kuyika kwa chidetso. Popeza pali mpata waukulu pakati pa pulagi ya valavu ndi valavu ndipo kuya kwa valavu kumbali yoyima ndi kotsika kuposa kwa payipi, zinyalala zimayikidwa pansi pa valavu pamene madzi akudutsa. Valvu ikatsekedwa, pulagi ya valavu imakanizidwa pansi, ndipo zinyalala zomwe zasungidwa zimachotsedwa ndi pulagi ya valavu. Imaphwanyidwa pansi pa valavu, ndipo pambuyo poyika zinyalala zingapo kenako n’kuphwanyidwa, wosanjikiza wa "miyala ya sedimentary" wosanjikiza umapangidwira. Pamene makulidwe a wosanjikiza wosanjikiza wosanjikiza woposa mpata pakati pa pulagi ya valavu ndi mpando wa valavu ndipo sungapiringizidwenso, udzalepheretsa kufalikira kwa pulagi ya valavu. Kuchitapo kanthu kumapangitsa kuti valavu isatseke bwino kapena kuti ikhale yolimba kwambiri.
(3) Kutayikira kwa mkati mwa valavu. Kutayikira kwa mkati mwa valavu ndiko kuvulaza kwakupha kwa valavu yotseka. Kutayikira kwamkati kwambiri, kudalirika kwa valavu kumachepa. Kutayikira kwamkati kwa valavu yosinthira mafuta kungayambitse ngozi zazikulu zamtundu wa mafuta, kotero kusankha valavu yosinthira mafuta kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Ntchito yozindikira kutayikira kwamkati kwa valavu ndi zovuta za chithandizo cha kutayikira kwamkati. Vavu ya pulagi ya DBB ili ndi ntchito yosavuta komanso yosavuta yodziwira kutayikira kwamkati komanso njira yochiritsira kutayikira kwamkati, ndipo kapangidwe ka valavu yotsekera mbali ziwiri ya valavu ya pulagi ya DBB kamathandiza kuti ikhale ndi ntchito yodalirika yodulira, kotero valavu yosinthira mafuta ya payipi yamafuta oyengedwa imagwiritsa ntchito pulagi ya DBB.
Njira yodziwira kutuluka kwa mkati mwa valavu ya DBB plug: tsegulani valavu yochepetsera kutentha kwa valavu, ngati cholumikizira china chikutuluka, chimasiya kutuluka, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti valavuyo ilibe kutuluka kwamkati, ndipo cholumikizira chotulutsira mpweya ndiye chochepetsera kupanikizika komwe kulipo mu valavu yotulutsira mpweya; ngati pali kutuluka kwapakati kosalekeza, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti valavuyo ili ndi kutuluka kwamkati, koma sizingatheke kuzindikira mbali iti ya valavuyo yomwe ili ndi kutuluka kwamkati. Pokhapokha pochotsa valavuyo ndi pomwe tingadziwe momwe kutuluka kwamkati kumakhalira. Njira yodziwira kutuluka kwamkati mwa valavu ya DBB imatha kuzindikira mwachangu pamalopo, ndipo imatha kuzindikira kutuluka kwamkati kwa valavuyo ikasinthana pakati pa njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira mafuta, kuti tipewe ngozi zamtundu wa mafuta.
4. Kuchotsa ndi kuyang'ana valavu ya pulagi ya DBB
Kuyang'anira ndi kukonza kumaphatikizapo kuyang'anira pa intaneti ndi kuyang'anira pa intaneti. Pakukonza pa intaneti, thupi la valavu ndi flange zimasungidwa pa payipi, ndipo cholinga chokonza chimakwaniritsidwa pochotsa zigawo za valavu.
Kuchotsa ndi kuyang'ana valavu ya pulagi ya DBB kumagawidwa m'njira yochotsera pamwamba ndi njira yochotsera pansi. Njira yochotsera pamwamba imayang'ana kwambiri mavuto omwe ali pamwamba pa thupi la valavu monga tsinde la valavu, mbale yophimba pamwamba, choyendetsera, ndi pulagi ya valavu. Njira yochotsera imayang'ana kwambiri mavuto omwe ali kumapeto kwa zisindikizo, ma disc a valavu, mbale zophimba pansi, ndi ma valve a zimbudzi.
Njira yochotsera mmwamba imachotsa choyatsira, chivundikiro cha tsinde la valavu, chigoba chotsekera, ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba cha thupi la valavu motsatizana, kenako imakweza tsinde la valavu ndi pulagi ya valavu. Mukagwiritsa ntchito njira yochokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, chifukwa cha kudula ndi kukanikiza chisindikizo cholongedza panthawi yoyika komanso kuwonongeka kwa tsinde la valavu panthawi yotsegula ndi kutseka valavu, singagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Tsegulani valavu pamalo otseguka pasadakhale kuti pulagi ya valavu isachotsedwe mosavuta pamene ma disc a valavu mbali zonse ziwiri akakamizidwa.
Njira yochotsera imangofunika kuchotsa chivundikiro chapansi chapansi kuti isinthe ziwalo zomwe zikugwirizana nazo. Mukagwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsera kuti muwone diski ya valavu, valavu siingayikidwe pamalo otsekedwa kwathunthu, kuti valavu isachotsedwe valavu ikakanikizidwa. Chifukwa cha kulumikizana kosunthika pakati pa diski ya valavu ndi pulagi ya valavu kudzera mu groove ya dovetail, chivundikiro chapansi sichingachotsedwe nthawi yomweyo chivundikiro chapansi chikachotsedwa, kuti malo otsekereza asawonongeke chifukwa cha kugwa kwa diski ya valavu.
Njira yochotsera pamwamba ndi njira yochotsera pansi ya valavu ya DBB sizifunikira kusuntha thupi la valavu, kotero kukonza pa intaneti kungatheke. Njira yochotsera kutentha imayikidwa pa thupi la valavu, kotero njira yochotsera pamwamba ndi njira yochotsera pansi siziyenera kuchotsera njira yochotsera kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira yokonzera ikhale yosavuta komanso kukonza bwino ntchito yokonza. Kuchotsa ndi kuyang'anira sikukhudza thupi lalikulu la valavu, koma valavu iyenera kutsekedwa kwathunthu kuti cholumikiziracho chisasefukire.
5. Mapeto
Kuzindikira zolakwika za valavu ya pulagi ya DBB n'kodziwikiratu komanso nthawi ndi nthawi. Kutengera ndi ntchito yake yosavuta yodziwira kutayikira kwamkati, vuto la kutayikira kwamkati limatha kuzindikirika mwachangu, ndipo mawonekedwe osavuta komanso owunikira komanso osamalira amatha kukonza nthawi ndi nthawi. Chifukwa chake, njira yowunikira ndi kukonza mavalavu a pulagi ya DBB yasinthanso kuchoka pa njira yachikhalidwe yokonza pambuyo polephera kupita ku njira yowunikira ndi kukonza yozungulira mbali zambiri yomwe imaphatikiza kukonza koyambirira, kukonza pambuyo pa chochitika ndi kukonza nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-22-2022