Kōwhiringa takirere pōro ara-toru matua mō ngā pūnaha paipa ahumahi. Kei roto i tēnei aratohu hangarau ngā āhua rere o te L-Port me te T-Port, ngā hoahoa hiri nohoanga-2 me te 4-nohoanga, ngā paepae pāmahana rauemi nohoanga (PTFE/RPTFE/PPL/Metal), me ngā tātaitanga taipana actuator me ngā tauwehenga haumaru. He mea nui te pānui mā ngā kaihanga paipa me ngā kaihoahoa pūnaha.
- 1. Kupu Whakataki: Te Take Hangarau mō ngā Takirere Pōro Ara-Toru
- 2. Te Ruku Hōhonu o te Āhua Rere: Ngā Whirihoranga o te Tauranga-L me te Tauranga-T
- 3. Hanganga Nohoanga: Hoahoa Nohoanga-2 me te Nohoanga-4 me ngā Herenga Aronga Rere
- 4. Kōwhiringa Rauemi Nohoanga mā te Pāmahana me te Pēhanga
- 5. Te Rahi me te Tikanga Tātai Taipana o te Actuator
- 6. Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Tāutanga: Te Ārai i te Hama Wai me te Whakaora i te Wera
- 7. Rārangi Arowhai Whakatakotoranga Hangarau RFQ
- 8. Ngā Tohutoro me ngā Paerewa Ahumahi
1Kupu Whakataki: Te Take Hangarau mō ngā Takirere Pōro e Toru-Ara
I roto i ngā whatunga paipa ahumahi matatini—pērā i ngā ara iahiko wai whakamatao, i ngā koropiko tohatoha matū, i ngā pūnaha hinu wera, me ngā teihana karo maimoatanga wai—ko te whakahaere tika i te ahunga rere he wero hangarau matua e pā tika ana ki te pono o te pūnaha me ngā utu whakahaere.
Ko ngā huarahi tuku iho e whakamahi ana i ngā takirere wehewehe ara-rua maha hei whakatutuki i te tahuritanga rere, te whakaranu, te karo rānei, he maha ngā wā ka hua ake he tapuwae paipa nunui, he pikinga o ngā pūwāhi maturuturu pēhanga (ko te tikanga he 3-5 ngā hononga whakarewa tāpiri mō ia mahi whakawhiti), me te hōtaka aunoatanga uaua me ngā reiti rahunga teitei ake.
A takirere pōro toru-araka whakakotahi i te whakawhiti rere ki roto i te tinana takirere kotahi, tino whai hua, ka whakaiti i ngā ara turuturu pea tae atu ki te 60% ki te whakaritea ki ngā momo takirere maha. Heoi, mā te whiriwhiri hē i ngā whirihoranga tauranga, ngā rauemi nohoanga, te ahunga rere rānei ka arahi pea ki te poke whakawhiti kāore e hiahiatia, te kino wawe o te nohoanga, te tūponotanga kino rānei o te hama wai puta noa i te pūnaha.
Mā tēnei aratohu hangarau ka whakaratohia ki ngā kaihoahoa pūnaha paipa, ki ngā kaihanga taputapu, me ngā kaiārahi kaupapa hangarau ngā mātāpono taketake, ngā matatiki kōwhiringa, me ngā tikanga tatau e hiahiatia ana hei tohu tika me te whakauru i ngā takirere pōro ara-toru ki roto i ngā pūnaha whakahaere rere ahumahi.
Ngā kupumatua tuarua:Te takirere pōro tauranga-L me te takirere tauranga-T, te hoahoa takirere 2-nohoanga me te takirere 4-nohoanga, te tatau i te taipana actuator, ngā rohe pāmahana rauemi nohoanga takirere
2Te Ruku Hōhonu o te Āhua Rere: Ngā Whirihoranga o te Tauranga-L me te Tauranga-T
Ko te rerekētanga mahi matua i roto i tetakirere pōro toru-arakei roto i te tauira keri ā-roto o te huānga pōro porowhita. Me whiriwhiri e ngā kaihangarau i waenga i teL-Port (whakarerekētanga)me teT-Port (whakaranu/whakarerekē/tika tonu)whirihoranga i runga i te arorau rere me te hoahoa pūnaha e hiahiatia ana.
Āhuatanga Pōro Tauranga-L (Ara-3, Nohoanga-2, Nohoanga-4 rānei)
E rua ngā ara rere o te pōro L-Port kua keria i te 90 nekehanga tetahi ki tetahi, e hanga ana i te āhua "L" i roto i te tinana porowhita.
| Tawhā | Whakatakotoranga |
|---|---|
| Mahi Matua | Te huri/whakawhiti kaha i te rere mai i te kotahi tomokanga noa ki tētahi o ngā putanga e rua (ki te whakamuri rānei) |
| Te Hurihanga o te Kaiwhakaoho | Te haere paerewa 90° |
| Hononga Tauranga | Kāore e taea te hono i ngā tauranga e toru i te wā kotahi |
| Ngā tono noa | Te whakawhiti i te raina wai whakamatao i waenga i te whakawhiti wera tuatahi me te pouaka whakamatao tūmatanui; te whakawhiti karo tātari-rua |
Ngā Ara Rere:
- Tūnga A: Tauranga 1 → Tauranga 2 (Kua kati te Tauranga 3)
- Tūnga B: Tauranga 1 → Tauranga 3 (Kua kati te Tauranga 2)
- Kāore he tūranga "tuwhera-katoa" "kati-katoa" rānei e wātea ana i runga i ngā hoahoa L-Port paerewa
Āhuatanga Pōro T-Port (3-Ara, 4-Nohoanga)
He hongere tika te whakawhiti o te pōro T-Port e honoa ana e te hongere poutū tuatoru, e hanga ana i te ara "T" e āhei ai te whakahaere rere ngāwari ake.
| Tawhā | Whakatakotoranga |
|---|---|
| Mahi Matua | Te whakaranu, te huri, te rere tika rānei me te āheinga karo |
| Te Hurihanga o te Kaiwhakaoho | Te haere 90°, 180° rānei, i runga i te arorau tūranga e hiahiatia ana |
| Hononga Tauranga | Ka taea te hono i ngā tauranga e toru i te wā kotahi (aratau whakaranu/whakarerekē) |
| Ngā tono noa | Ngā teihana whakaranu pāmahana (wera + makariri → putanga whakauru); whakawhiti whāngai tauhohenga; ngā momo tohatoha maha-pūtake |
Ngā Kōwhiringa Ara Rere (me te hurihanga 180°):
1. Aratau whakaranu: Tauranga 2 + Tauranga 3 → Tauranga 1
2. Aratau tahuri: Tauranga 1 → Tauranga 2 + Tauranga 3
3. Tika tonu: Tauranga 2 ↔ Tauranga 3 (Tauranga 1 kua wehea)
4. Katia katoa: Kāore he rere mā roto i tētahi tauranga (e wātea ana i ētahi momo nohoanga-4)
Pikitia 1: Whakataurite i te Tauira Rere o te L-Port me te T-Port
(Kuputuhi alt whakaahua: “Tarere pōro tauranga-L me ngā ara rere 90-tohu mō te huri i ngā tono vs. Tarere pōro tauranga-T me ngā ara tika me ngā ara poutū e whakawhitiwhiti ana mō te whakaranu me te karo i ngā tono – hoahoa hangarau NSW VALVE”)
- Me whakawhiti i tētahi raina whakamatao i waenga i te whakawhiti wera tuatahi me te pouaka whakamatao tūmatanui? →Tīpakohia te L-Port
- Me whakaranu te wai wera me te wai matao kia tutuki ai te pāmahana tika o te tukanga? →Tīpakohia te T-Port
- Me whakaranu, me huri hoki i te taupānga kotahi? →Tīpakohia te T-Port me te actuator 180°
3Te Hanganga Nohoanga: Ngā Hoahoa Nohoanga-2 me ngā Nohoanga-4 me ngā Herenga Aronga Rere
Ko tētahi momo rahunga e warewarehia ana i roto i ngā tāutanga takirere pōro ara-toru ko te whiriwhiri i tētahiHoahoa tinana nohoanga-ruamō tētahi tono e hiahia ana kia wehea pai mai i tētahi tauranga—ina koa ka pāngia te pūnaha e ngā whakarerekētanga ā muri ake nei, e ngā huringa rere rānei.
Te Whakawehewehenga Nohoanga Hiranga
| Āhuatanga | Hoahoa Nohoanga-2 | Hoahoa Nohoanga-4 |
|---|---|---|
| Te Taupoki Hiri | Ka hiritia ki ngā putanga taha e rua anake | Ka tākai i te pōro me ngā hiri i NGĀ hauwhā e whā |
| Te Herenga o te Tomokanga | ME noho te tauranga o raro hei tauranga whakauru pēhanga | Ka āhei te rere mai i NGĀ tauranga KATOA |
| Te Āheinga Wehewehe | Kāore e taea te wehe tika i te tauranga tuatoru ina āraia | Ka whakarato i te whakaweto pai i roto i NGĀ tūranga KATOA |
| Utu | Iti iho (iti iho ngā wāhanga hiri) | Teitei ake (ngā mowhiti nohoanga kua utaina mua) |
| Te Whakaritenga Taipana | Te iti o te waku hihiri | Te taipana pakaru teitei ake nā te pa tonu o ngā ira-whā |
Ngā Here o te Aronga Rere
Ngā Takirere Tauranga-L e 2-Nohoanga:
- Me uru tonu te rere o te urunga whānui mā roto i tetauranga raro (Tauranga 1)
- Ka pana te pōro ki runga i te pēhanga mai i te putanga o raro ki te hiri nohoanga hohe, ka whakarei ake i te hiri
- Whakatūpato nui:Mena ka pēhia te pūnga 2, te pūnga 3 rānei i te wā e kati ana te takirere, ka wetekina te pōro e te pēhanga raina, ka puta he arai ā-roto me te tūponotanga o te poke whakawhiti.
- Kāore he āheinga hiri rua-ara
Ngā Takirere Nohoanga-4 (Te Wehenga Ao Tūturu):
- Whakauruhia ngā mowhiti nohoanga kua utaina i mua (ko te nuinga he PTFE, he PPL rānei kua whakakahangia ki te puna kowiri tira) ki ngā hauwhā hiri e whā
- Tukua kia hiritia te pēhanga ā-rua ahakoa ko tēhea putanga e mahi ana hei tomokanga
- He pai mō ngā pūnaha ka rerekē pea te ahunga o te rere i te wā o te mahi noa, i ngā wā tiaki rānei
- E hiahiatia ana mō ngā tono haumaru-tino nui ina hiahiatia te wehenga pai
Mō ngā kaupapa hou ka taea te huri i te rere ā muri ake nei, mō ngā ratonga nui rānei kāore e taea te whakamanawanui i te whakawhiti-paru, tohua heHoahoa nohoanga-4ahakoa te utu tīmatanga nui ake me te hiahia nui ki te taipana actuator.
4Te Kōwhiringa Rauemi Nohoanga mā te Pāmahana me te Pēhanga
He nui ake te waku hihiri o ngā takirere pōro-toru ki ērā o ngā takirere-rua nā te pa tonu o te mata puta noa i ngā mowhiti nohoanga maha. He mea nui te whakataurite i ngā rauemi nohoanga ki ngā pāmahana, ngā pēhanga, me ngā āhuatanga whakahinuhinu kia eke ai te roa o te mahi.
Ngā Paepae Pāmahana mā te Rauemi Nohoanga
Pikitia 2: Ngā Awhe Pāmahana Whakahaere mō ngā Rauemi Nohoanga Takirere Pōro Ara-Toru Noa
(Kuputuhi alt whakaahua: “Tūtohi whakatairite paepae pāmahana mō ngā rauemi whakapaipai takirere pōro PTFE, RPTFE, PPL, me Stellite e whakaatu ana i ngā pāmahana mahi tonu mōrahi mai i te 150°C ki te 550°C – tohutoro hangarau NSW VALVE”)
| Rauemi Nohoanga | Awhe Pāmahana Tonu | Te Wā Poto Mōrahi | Whakatauranga Pēhanga | Ngā Āhuatanga Matua o te Taupānga |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTFE Wahine | -20°C ki te 150°C | 160°C | Akomanga 150 / PN16 | Te tauwehenga waku iti rawa (0.04-0.08); he pai mō te wai parakore, te hau taputapu, me ngā koropiko HVAC whānui; he iti te ātete ngoki |
| RPTFE (15% Whakakīia ki te Karāhe) | -20°C ki te 180°C | 200°C | Akomanga 150–300 | Ātete ngoki ake (30% te whakapainga ake i te PTFE tauhou); paerewa mō te aroturuki mamaoa pēhanga-waenga, te wai wera, me ngā ratonga matū ngawari |
| PPL (He mea hanga ki te Polyphenylene Sulfide) | -20°C ki te 230°C | 250°C | Akomanga 150–600 | He tino pumau te pāmahana, he iti ake te utu i ngā nohoanga whakarewa; he tino pai mō te whakamahana ā-rohe, te mamaoa kua mākū, me te hinu wera i raro i te 230°C |
| Stellite®/Tungsten Carbide Metal | -20°C ki te 450°C | 550°C | Akomanga 150–1500 | He whakakikorua mata whakapakeke (HRC 38-45); i hangaia mō te hinu wera i runga ake i te 250°C, ngā paru whakakoi, me ngā whakamahinga huringa wera nui auau teitei |
Tūtohi Rere Kōwhiringa Rauemi Nohoanga
Kei te neke atu i te 230°C te pāmahana o te pāpāho? ├─ ĀE → Tīpakohia te Mea Noho-Metara (Stellite/Tungsten Carbide) └─ KĀORE → Kei te neke atu i te 180°C te pāmahana o te pāpāho? ├─ ĀE → Tīpakohia te PPL (tae atu ki te 230°C tonu) └─ KĀORE → Kei te whakahinuhinuhia te pāpāho (wai/hinu) kāore rānei i te whakahinuhinuhia (hau)? ├─ Whakahinuhinuhia → PTFE (utu-pai ake, <150°C) └─ Kāore i te whakahinuhinuhia → RPTFE (ātete kakahu pai ake, <180°C)
Tauwehenga Waku me te Pānga Taipana
| Rauemi Nohoanga | Te waku pumau (μ) | Pānga Taipana Whakawhanaunga |
|---|---|---|
| PTFE | 0.05–0.08 | Tūāpapa (1.0×) |
| RPTFE | 0.10–0.15 | 1.3–1.5× |
| PPL | 0.20–0.30 | 1.8–2.2× |
| Nohoanga-Metara | 0.35–0.50 | 2.5–3.5× |
He mea nui:Me whakauru ngā tauwehenga waku teitei ake o te PPL me ngā rauemi e nohoia ana e te konganuku ki roto i ngā tātaitanga rahi o te actuator (tirohia te Wāhanga 5 i raro nei).
5Te Rahi me te Tikanga Tātai Taipana o te Actuator
Ko te whakahaere aunoa i tētahi takirere pōro ara-toru me tino tatau i te taipana hei ārai i te whakaroa o te actuator, te kutikuti kakau, te hiri koretake rānei i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi kino rawa atu. Nā te mea ka mau tonu te whakapā tonu o tētahi takirere ara-toru e 4-nohoanga puta noa i ngā hiri nohoanga e whā kua utaina i mua, he nui ake te taipana pakaru (Tb) i tētahi takirere pōro mānu e 2-nohoanga paerewa o te rahi ingoa ōrite—he 40-60% teitei ake te tikanga.
Tātai Rahi Taipana
Hei whakatau i te taipana iti rawa e hiahiatia ana (Ta) i raro i ngā tikanga pēhanga rerekētanga mōrahi (ΔP):
Kei hea:
- Tb= Te taipana pakaru turanga i whakaratohia e te kaihanga takirere (i inehia i te pēhanga rerekētanga mōrahi me te pāmahana mōrahi)
- SF= Tauwehe Haumaru Taupānga (tirohia te ripanga i raro nei)
Ngā Āhuatanga Haumaru e Manakohia ana e te Āhua Ratonga
| Āhua o te Ratonga | Tauwehenga Haumaru (SF) | Whakamārama Hangarau |
|---|---|---|
| Ngā wai whakahinuhinu ma (wai ma, hinu waipēhi, hinu hauwai māmā) | 1.25 | Ko te 25% o te tawhē e whakaatu ana i te iti o te kakahu o te nohoanga me ngā rerekētanga matotoru |
| Ngā mea kore-hinuhinu (hau, hau maroke, wai tango-kohuke, pouaka whakamātao) | 1.35–1.50 | Te tauwehenga waku teitei ake; 35-50% te tawhē e taunakitia ana |
| He mea matotoru, he mea para, he mea pāmahana teitei rānei (>180°C) | 1.50–1.60 | E whakaatu ana i te pikinga o te waku i ngā pāmahana teitei me te urunga pea o ngā matūriki ki te rohe pa o te nohoanga. |
| Ratonga pakari (ngā paru whakakoi, ngā ratonga tunu, te huringa auau teitei) | 1.60–1.80 | Pātai atu ki te wheketere mō ngā raraunga taipana motuhake mō te tono |
Tātaitanga Taipana Tauira
I hoatu:
- Takirere pōro ara-toru 4″ Akomanga 300, hoahoa PTFE nohoanga-4
- Taipana pakaru turanga kaihanga (Tb) i te 600 psi ΔP: 450 N·m
- Ratonga: Wai kua tangohia ngā matū i te 120°C (kāore he hinu whakahinuhinu)
- SF i tūtohutia: 1.40
Ta = 450 × 1.40 = 630 N·m te taipana iti rawa o te kaiwhakaoho
Tīpakohia te kaiwhakaoho:630 N·m × 1.05 (tauwehenga whai huatanga o te atanga actuator-ki-valve) =662 N·m → Tīpakohia te rahi paerewa o te actuator e whai ake nei: tauira 700 N·m, 800 N·m rānei
Kōwhiringa Haere Pūwhakaoho Hau
| Momo Whakaoho | Koki Haere | Tono |
|---|---|---|
| 90° Mahi-Taurua (Wāhanga me te Pinion) | 90° | Whakawhiti tauranga-L paerewa; tauranga-T tūnga-2 taketake (whakaranu, tahuri rānei) |
| 90° Whakahokinga-Koanga (Haumaru-Rahua) | 90° | Ngā tono tauranga-L e hiahia ana kia tūnga haumaru-kore (mai i te puna ki te kati, mai i te puna ki te whakatuwhera rānei) |
| 180° Mahi-Taurua (Scotch Yoke) | 180° | Ngā takirere T-port e whakamahi ana i ngā tūranga mahi e toru (Waenganui-Kāore / Mauī-Huri / Matau-Huri) |
| Pūwhakaoho Tūnga-3 me te Waenga-Whakaweto | 90° + 90° | Ngā tono whakaranu motuhake e hiahia ana ki tētahi tūranga "kati katoa" waenga |
Paerewa i Tohutorohia:Me rite ngā atanga whakairinga katoa kiISO 5211(ngā rahi o te papa whakairi tika me ngā rahi tapawhā o te kakau). Mā tēnei ka taea te whakawhiti i waenga i ngā kaihanga actuator, ā, ka māmā ake hoki ngā whakakapinga tiaki ā muri ake nei.
6Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Tāutanga: Te Ārai i te Hama Wai me te Whakaora i te Wera
Te Ārai i te Hama Wai i te Wā e Whakaoho Tere Ana
Mā te tere o te pana hau (ngā wā whiu i raro i te 0.5 hēkona) i roto i ngā takirere ara-toru whānui ka taea te whakaputa i ngā kawenga ru waipēhi nui nā te whakahekenga tere o te rere. I ngā āhuatanga kino rawa atu, ka taea e te pēhanga hama wai te eke ki te 5-10× te pēhanga mahi noa, ka puta pea:
- Te nekehanga tautoko paipa
- Te whakaputanga o te gasket flange
- Te pakaru o te kakau takirere, te nohoanga rānei
- Te rahunga o te taputapu o raro
Otinga Hangarau:
- Tāutahia ngā mana whakahaere tere hau (ngā pūwero takirere ngira) ki ngā raina pairati actuator
- Whakatikatikahia te wā whiu ki2–5 hēkonai runga i te rahi o te raina me te tere o te rere
- Mō ngā rahi raina ≥ 6″, ngā tere rānei ≥ 3 m/s, whakapā atu ki te kaihanga takirere mō ngā taunakitanga mō te roa o te whiu.
Te Whakaora i te Whānuitanga Wera i roto i ngā Pūnaha Pāmahana-Tiketike
I roto i ngā koropiko wai wera pāmahana teitei (neke atu i te 200°C), ka taea e te wai e mau ana i roto i te kōhao mate o te putanga pōro motuhake te hora tere. Ka taea e te tauwehenga horahanga rōrahi o te nuinga o ngā warowaihā i te 200°C te mea ka neke ake te pēhanga wai e mau ana i te 10,000 psi—tērā pea ka pakaru te pōro, ka whakapē rānei i te tinana takirere.
Ngā Whakaritenga Hoahoa:
- Tauwhāitihia ngā takirere mengā nohoanga whakawātea poka(ngā awaawa nohoanga e whakawātea ana i a ia anō)
- Kia mōhio kei te hoahoa nohoanga ka taea e te wai kua mau te puta ki te taha whakararo (te pēhanga iti iho) ina nui ake te pēhanga i te kawenga o mua o te nohoanga
- Mō ngā tono tino nui, tohuakakau ārai-pahūhoahoa kia rite ki te ASME B16.34
Ngā Aratohu Whakatakotoranga Whakamau
| Te Aronga Whakamaunga | Pānga ki te Tākai Kākano | Taunakitanga |
|---|---|---|
| Kakau poutū (poutū) | Tino Pai—ārai i te kohikohinga o ngā matūriki huri noa i te takai | Te aronga pai mō ngā ratonga katoa |
| Whakapae (te kakau whakapae) | E whakaaetia ana—engari ka tere ake te pakaru o te tākai i roto i ngā ratonga whakakoi | Whakamahia anake ina herea te whakairinga poutū |
| Te kākano kua hurihia (poutū, te kākano ki raro) | Ka tau ngā matūriki ki te wāhi tākai, ka tere te turuturu me te here o te kakau | Kāore i te tūtohutia mō tētahi pāpāho kei roto ngā totoka whakatārewatia |
Ngā Hononga Mutunga o te Takirere Paerewa
| Momo Mutunga | Paerewa | Ngā tono noa |
|---|---|---|
| He Flanged (RF) | ASME B16.5 Akomanga 150/300/600 | Ahumahi whānui, matū, hinu me te hau |
| He Flanged (RTJ) | ASME B16.5 Akomanga 600+ | Ratonga hau pēhanga teitei, hauwai |
| Miro (NPT) | ASME B1.20.1 | Poka iti (≤ 2″), ngongo taputapu |
| Hononga Whakarewa (SW) | ASME B16.11 | He iti te pūwero pēhanga teitei, he ratonga paitini |
| Buttweld (BW) | ASME B16.25 | Ngā pūnaha paipa whānui, tino pono |
7Rārangi Arowhai Whakatakotoranga Hangarau RFQ
Ina tukuna he Tono mō te Whakatau Tatau (RFQ) e tohua ana rānei he takirere pōro ara-toru mō tō pūnaha paipa, whakaūhia ngā mea e whai ake nei8 ngā tawhā matua:
| # | Tawhā | Ngā Kōwhiringa Whakatakotoranga | Tō Kōwhiringa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Āhua Rere | ☐ Tauranga-L (whakarerekē anake) / ☐ Tauranga-T (whakaranu me te whakarerekē) | |
| 2 | Koki Hurihanga | ☐ Te haere 90° / ☐ Te haere 180° | |
| 3 | Hanganga Nohoanga | ☐ Nohoanga-2 (me whai urunga raro) / ☐ Nohoanga-4 (rerenga whānui) | |
| 4 | Rauemi Nohoanga | ☐ PTFE (<150°C) / ☐ RPTFE (<180°C) / ☐ PPL (<230°C) / ☐ Nohoanga-Metara (>250°C) | |
| 5 | Akomanga Pēhanga | ☐ Akomanga 150 / ☐ Akomanga 300 / ☐ Akomanga 600 / ☐ Akomanga 1500 | |
| 6 | Whakamutua ngā Hononga | ☐ RF Whakarara / ☐ RTJ Whakarara / ☐ NPT Miro / ☐ Hononga Whakarewa / ☐ Whakarewa Pūmau | |
| 7 | Atanga Whakahohe | ☐ Rīwhi Ā-ringa / ☐ Haumātika (DA/ SR) / ☐ Hiko / ☐ Papa whakairi ISO 5211 | |
| 8 | Ngā Whakaritenga Motuhake | ☐ Nohoanga whakawātea poka / ☐ Ārai-pahūtanga kakau / ☐ NACE MR0175 / ☐ Tākai iti-tukunga |
8Ngā Tohutoro me ngā Paerewa Ahumahi
| Paerewa | Taitara | Te Hiranga |
|---|---|---|
| ASME B16.34 | Ngā Takirere—He Miro, he Wīra, he Pito Whakarewa | Ngā whakatauranga pēhanga-pāmahana, te matotoru o te pakitara, te hoahoa kakau |
| ASME B16.5 | Ngā Pāreti Paipa me ngā Hononga Pāreti | Ngā rahinga o te flange, ngā momo anga (RF/RTJ) |
| ISO 5211 | Ngā Takirere Ahumahi—Te Whakamaunga o te Ākiaki | Ngā rahinga atanga mō te whakairinga o te kaiwhakaara tika |
| API 607 / ISO 10497 | Te Whakamātautau Ahi o ngā Takirere | Ngā whakaritenga hoahoa nohoanga haumaru ahi |
| NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 | Te Pakaru o te Āhuatanga Whāriki | Ngā rauemi mō te ratonga kawa (ngā taiao H₂S) |
| FCI 70-2 / ANSI/ISA-75.01.01 | Te Whakarōpūtanga o te turuturu o te nohoanga takirere whakahaere | Ngā tere turuturu nohoanga mō ngā momo hoahoa nohoanga |
*Me hiahia koe ki ngā tūtohi taipana ritenga mō ngā akomanga pēhanga motuhake, ngā tauira CAD 3D i te hōputu STEP/IGES, ngā pepa raraunga nohoanga PPL/whakarewa pāmahana teitei rānei mō tō kaupapa paipa?*
Wā tuku: Hurae-22-2026